Zinc Smelter Closures in Europe Reshape Global Refined Metal Trade Flows
European Zinc Smelting Capacity Under Pressure Zinc smelter curtailments and outright closures across Europe have accelerated in recent years, fundamentally altering the way refined zinc moves through global markets. The combination of persistently high energy costs, tightening environmental compliance requirements, and volatile metal prices has squeezed smelter margins to the point where sustained operation has become economically untenable for several








